Well drilling apparatus



Oct. 18, 1932.

F. STONE WELL DRILLING APPARATUS Filed Jan; 4} 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet l A a A ,1 E 42/! w ,4 i 7 fly am I v, a 4, J g 4 I k f x 0 5 J/ W K 0 W ||l.| l-|4|| 2% /6 MW 3 a A a 4 J m i 9 3 w H J Oct. 18, 1932. F. STONE WELL DRILLING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 4, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 VII .IIIIII I III wlliiirillliiiim F. STONE WELL DRILLING APPARATUS 'Filed Jan. 4, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 o jf Oct. 18, 1932. A ESTONE A 1,883,070

WELL DRILLING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 4, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 [722/022 tor Frederick Stone.

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' Patented Oct 18, 1932 um'rao STA-TEST PATENT *oFFicE FREDERICK STONE, OF GLENDALE, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO DOH ENY-STONE DRTLL 00., OF'LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE WELL DRILLING-APPARATUS Application filed January 4, 1928. Sci-19.11110. 244,422.

This application is'acontinuation, in part, easev and dispatch under' the varying situaof an application entitled Earth boring machine filed by me January 12, 1924, Serial No. 685,744 which has now matured as Patent No. 1,678,307, July 24th, 1923. t

.The invention has to do generally with well drilling apparatus and is more particularly concerned with Well drilling apparatus of the ty e shown" in a patent issued to me February 19, 1924, on fRotary drill No. 1,484,362. This type may be characterized as a rotary table having work-grippirrg means in its axial bore, the tablebeing-mounted for rotation within the axial bore of a cross head which, in turn, is carried on hydraulically operated pistons for vertical reciprocation.

By virtue of this arrangement, it is possible to control t-he'work with extreme ease and nicety of movement, the cross-head being hydraulically operated in some situations to take a portion of the weight of the drill stem ofi'i the bit, in other situations to give added down-bearing strains on. the apparatus, so

said strains may in no Way impair the smoothness 0t operation and sensitivity of adjustment of the device. Furthermore, the nature of the operations which a well drilling ap aratus is called upon to perform, call for di erences in structure over core drilling apparatus. 1

How the above is accomplished may be made apparent to. better advantage in the -followingdetailed s cification. I With the accomp ishment of the above as one of the objects of the invention, it may be stated as another object to provide a device of the character described which is self-contained in nature, being adapted totake its driving power conveniently from any suitlpreciated by those skilled in the art.

words, to crowd the work down), and instill the means for other situations to elevate the work; the table, 1ts vertical reclprocatlon are located entirely b i rdt t d t ill th h t ti albelow sald cross-head;d stlnguishing advanmovement of the crosshead. All these table tageously from the prlor art wherein deand head movements areunder the absolute pendence is had 11 on guide means horizon-' control of theoperator in spite of the fact tallly offset from t e cross-head for guiding that the'drilling a paratus, itself, and the i t r ugh. i s V r ic l P h- This feature is work handled there by vare of very considerof advantage not only from the standpolnt of able weight and bulk, and'the advantages of PI Y'I mg g ide means In a posltion best these features are well und rstood and apadapted to reslst effectively the tremendous There have heretofore been provided core f m the standpoint of rendering the appadrilling devices which embodled hydraulitIlS fillly fl Q but It 11150 0011- Cally Operated -h d d means f tributes to the end of providing apparatus tating drill rods reei'procat d by id h d which is fully accessible from all sides there- However, these devices are hot at all suited 9 8 r c eri ic f m st importance, as to the heavy duty workrequired of 1 Is weil understood by those iamlhar with the chine used in drillin oil or artesian'wells -c d1t1o s u de w ch his type of appaof usual size. And 1t is to be particular? 1731511815 operatednoted that it requires more thanamere buil The f ct hat the'table-and cylinders are down-bearing force to the bit (in other iable power source.' As one pf the features,

idmg the cross-head during torsional strainsset up in the apparatusand ing up or strengthening of the individual elesupported entirely from beneath and that ments of core drilling apparatusto adapt this there are no horizontally ofi'set guide means type of machine for well drilling urposes. projecting into. the path of workmemrender This will be apparent when it is rea ized that it possible to expose only the cross-head and I the down-bearing load carried by the table table above the derrick floor, and the workoften runs higher than 100,000 pounds, and men'have ready ac'cess to the table and apto take this lead and handle the work with purtenanees'carrled thereby, as a resultbeing as will be made apparent in the following de- ,15 independently of the cross head.

scription) these head members are so fashioned that they are adapted to support work For instance, they may be adapted to support strings of easing or pipe, or, in certain situations, may be adapted to engage the same work as that taken by the head, though at a different point.

Thus, with the cross head gripping a stem above a joint and one of the frame heads gripping the stem below the joint, the twojoint parts may be given relative rotation to make up-or break the joint.

Thegripping means in the two frame heads are centered with the gripping means in the cross head, it following that the different pieces of work engaged by the. apparatus are positively centered, a feature of advanta e i 80 which will be obvious to those skilled in t e art.

Other features of novelty and objects of the invention will be made apparent the following detailed description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a device embodymg my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the device,

shown partly in vertical, medial section;

Fi 3 is a view generally similar to Fig. 2 but 5 owing additional parts in elevation and additional work gripping members applied to the device; I a

Fig. 4'is a plan section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. Fig. 3.

First,

5 is a plan section on line 5-5 of referring to Fig. 3, I have illustrated a typical manner of installing the apparatus,

P is provided about the well bore though it will be distinctly understood that while this method of installation is preferable, it is in no way controlling on the invention, considered broadly. A it or cellar supporting timbers T, resting on the ground surface G and spanning pit P. Supported on timbers T, in turn, are cross timbers T, and the 'derriek floor F is supported above timbers T and has a central opening 0 above the pit.

The drilling apparatus may be considered as including a frame R disposed within it P, a cross head C supported by frame R or vertical reci roeation through opening 0, and a rotary ta le S carried by the cross head. It

will be noted that frame R and all elements thereof are accessible from all sides within the pit, and that the only mechanism projecting above the derrick floor is the cross head, when it is elevated, and the rotary table, it following that free access to said table and its ap urtenances is bad by workmen on floor'F. ow referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen that frame R includes ver tically arranged cylinders 10, upper frame head 11, and lower frame head 12, the lower head or base being mounted on skids 13 which rest on sills 13a extending across the pit at opposite sides of bore B.

Heads 11 and 12 are made up of heavy castings secured to the opposite ends of the cylindersas at 14, the heads thus not only serving to tie being/adapted to form the end closures therefor. The cylinders are preferably placed in the cylinders together but also longitudinal compression through tie rods 15 which extend from skids-13 to the upper head 11, the frame structure thus being a particularly sturdyone and one which effectively resists the tendency of the various operation and load strains to displace relativelythe individual elements. It will be seen the frame heads serve to tie the cylinders together, and the cylinders, in turn, serve to position the heads relatively.

The apparatus 1s placed within the pit so heads 11 and 12 extend horizontally over bore B, the cylinders being at opposite sides of said bore, and the upper and lower heads 11 and 1 2 are provided with axial bores 16 and 17, respectively, which are in vertical alinement with bore B.

Mounted within cylinders 10 are piston heads 18, the rods 19 thereof extending upwardly through the packed bearings 20 in head 11, these bearings preferably being of appreciable vertical extent in order that they may serve effectively as guides co-acting with the piston rods-in a manner tending to offset the torsional strains imposed on said head when table S is rotated, though the rods and their guides are not de ended upon for this function, as will be ma e apparent. 4

Connections 21 and 22 are provided at the er and lower ends, respectively, of the cylinder for the admission of fluid .under pressure above or below the piston head in order. that the rods 19 may be hydraulically raised, lowered, or controlled in their vertical reciprocation.

Cross head C extends from piston rod to piston rod over head 11, being gripped between the vertically spaced shoulders 23, 24, on each rod to hold the head against longitudinalmovement with respect thereto, it following that reciprocation of rods 19 causes coincident and like reciprocation of the cross head. 1

Cross head C has an axial bore 25 which is in axial alinement with bores 16, 17 and B,

andtaken for rotation within bore is the rotary table S. The particular mounting of this table within the cross head is in no pa controlling on the present invention, thoug the bearing arrangement illustrated is the subject-matter of the claim of Patent No; 1,678,307 on earth boring machines issued to me July 24, 1928; It will suffice to say that down and up-thrust bearings 26 and 27 respectively, are interposed between the table and the upper and lower sides of the cross head to'hold said table againstmovement vertically with relation to the head, though allowin relative rotation therebetween; radial bearings 28 between the head and table being provided at the far sides of the end thrust bearing.

. Table S has formed about its upper end or head portion 29 the gear teeth 30, with which teeth a pinion 31 meshes. Pinion 31 is secured to a vertically arranged driving spindle 32 which has usual rotational bearing in a sleeve 33 supported by box 34 extending horizontally from and secured to cross head C. Spindle, 32 is of polygonal or key cross section, and extends downwardly through a polygonal bore in bevel pinion 35,

the pinion hub 36 being mounted for rotation in the bearing box 37 which extends horizontally from head 11; boxes 33 and 37 being, of course, in axial alinement. Spindle 32, However, is adapted to slide vertically .through pinion 35, though ithas such fit v therewith that rotationof the pinion imparts substituted for the shown.

A power shaft 38 is journaled in the box 39 positioned on top head 11, the power shaft having a bevel pinion 40 in mesh with pinion 35. It will be evident that power may be applied to shaft 38 from an suitable source,

and that rotation of said s aft acts through.

gears 40, 35, and shaft 32, and gears 31,30, to rotate table S irrespective of the position to which said table is elevated or during vertical reciprocation of the table. I

Means have been provided within the table for taking work which extends vertically through the bore 41 thereof, the gripping means preferably being. of a nature which will impart rotative drive from the table or will conneyt the work to the table. so the latter may be used for crowding the work down,- controlling the work in its downward movement, or elevating the work. While I will describe very generally the particular gripping and grip control means here disclosed, it will be understood this is in no way control ling on the present invention, though it is preferable for reasons given in'my co-pending application entitled Work gripping means for well drilling apparatus filed J anuar 4th, 1928 Ser. No. 244,423.

owever, with this understanding that table S is adaptedto support work, cause i'o- .tationthereof and control the work during its upward or downward movement or to force such upward or downward movement, and with the realization that this workoften weighs over 100,000 pounds, it will be seen Y that themake-up of the device as described has much to do with insuring accurate, smooth working of the device in spite of the'terrific strains imposed thereon.

t-hat as a means for guiding the cross head in its vertical rotation and effectively aiding in resisting the. torsional strains incident to table rotation,.I preferably provide the vertically extending rods or posts 41a which are secured at theiroupper ends 42 to the cross head and extend downwardly with sliding fit through guide bosses 43 on top head 11. Preferably, these bosses extend vertically an apprecigble distance in order that they may serve t eir purpose more eifectively, par: ticularly when the table is elevated; It will beseen ,that these guides take from thepiston rods much of the duty of resisting torsional strains, and prevent binding action of the upper head on said piston rods which In this connection it may now best ated might otherwise result from said torsional strains.

It. will be a1 0 noted that due to the inher per head through which al the pistons and guide rods extend and which, in turn, is rig-' idly tied to the rest of the frame, that the entire assembly is given great rigidity and power to resist the strains incident to the operationof the device.

" It will also be noted that head 11 is supent characteris ms of the ri id, one-piece upported notonly from beneath by the cylinders, lower head and skids, but also that it preferably has horizontallyextending por-.

tions 44 which overhang the cylinders and I rest upon cross timbers T. The rigid nature and through extension of the upper head thus again comes into play inasmuch as it allows for this application of underlying supporting structure which is most effective in taking the down-bearing load both of the heavy structimes.

Thework ipping means shown within includes segmental slips 46 movable vertical- ,ly through the bore of table bushing 47 by- 'such-means as thesliftin ring48 under the noted above, this actuation of lever 491 ture of the drilling apparatus and of the ter I 'rific weight, which is supported thereby at Y table bore 29 is generally indicated at 45 and V showing and description of a particular gripping and grip actuating means is in no way controlling on the present invention. Slips 46 are of the usual character, that is, they have wedge characteristics whereby, when they are dropped in the bushing bore alongside work W, which here represents a drill stem, the wedge action of the slips tightly holds the work to the table against relative rotation, and, in certain situations, holds the work against vertical movement, with respect to the table, in either direction. A bridge clamp 4664 may be bolted at 166 to the table across the slips and table bushing (to be described), to hold them down when the work is to be crowded down. It follows that rotation of the table imparts like movement to the work and that vertical reciprocation of the cross head through the piston mechanism described impartslike reciprocation to the work, this rotary movement or vertical reciprocation of the work being utilized for carrying out the well known operations expected of this type of apparatus.

So much of the apparatus as has thus" far been described in detail is shown in my Patent No. 1,678,307, earth boring machines dated July 21th, 1928, and the above part of the instant specification may therefore be considered as a divisional continuation of the application which has matured, since the in stant application was filed, into said patent.

It will be seen that due to the axial alinement of the various vertically extending bores of the apparatus, work W, in turn, is supported in axial alinement with bore B as well as with the frame head bores 16 and 17. Now under certain circumstances it is very desirable that several pieces of work be simultaneously supported by the drilling apparatus, and I utilize heads 11 and 12 for this purpose, they being particularly well adapt- I ed to take load supporting members due to tied together by the other 4 Therefore,

and to the fact that they areso elements f the apparatus that they are maintained in aline ment both with each other and with the rotary table. It follows that work supported by either the upper or lower frameheads, or both, are held in true axial alinement with work held by table S and with bore B, the-advantage of this feature being one which will be readily recognized b those skilled in the art and familiar with t e veryobjectionable their rigidity results emanating from conditions where the work is not-positively held in alinement.

It will be distinctly understood that the articular character of the work supported by the rotary table or the frame heads depends entirely upon the operation in hand, suitable work gripping members being substituted in the various sup orting members in accordance with well nown practice.

while I have here shown work in the form of a drill stem, it will be understood the gripping means within table S may be readily changed to accommodate washover pipe or the like. In Fig. 2 I have illus trated stem W as being telescopically ,arranged within a casing which extends through bore 17 to apoint above'head 12,

and by way of illustrating the usefulness of the lower head for work supporting purposes, I have indicatedcasing 50 as being.

held to this head in axial coincidence with stem W by work gripping means generally indicated at 51 While this'gripping means may be of any desirable character, I have here shown it as including a head bushing 52 having a horizo tal flange 53 resting on head 12 about bore 17, the sleeve portion 54: of the bushing extending through bore 17 and having a bore 55 which inclines inwardly and downwardly to take usual wedge slips 56. The head bushing is removably inserted within the head bore and it may have arcuate notches 56a (Fig. 5) engaging complementary faces 57 of cylinder collars 58 to prevent rotation of said bushing with respect to the head. I have here considered bushing 52 as a single member, but it will be understood it is preferably made upof two parts, as is usual, so it may be easily put to and pulled from place. Holddown bolts 59, or any suitable substitute, may l'emovably attach the bushing parts to the frame head for preventing said parts frombeing accidentally lifted up with the work. The'ab'ove described showing of the work gripping means is to be considered purely as illustrative of and not restrictive on the invention. Itwill be seen that gripping means 51' is adapted to take the entire weight of pipe 50.

In Fig. 3 I have showna slightly different situation wherein an outer casing 60 is supported by head 12 through slips 61 introduced in bushing 52., A smaller casing 62 extends telescopically through casing 60 and upwardly Insertedwithin bore 16 is a head bushing 63 of a character generally similar to bushing '52 but having notches 64 taking the head ribs 65a to prevent rotation of the bushing parts I with respect to the heads usual segmental wedge slips 65 being introduced in the bushing bore to grip casing 62.

While any other suitable gripping means may be substituted, the illustrated form will serve to demonstrate how the upper head 1s ada ted to support work and hold it definite y in axial alincment with stemJV and casin 60. Bushing 63 and slips 65 may be readily inserted in the upper frame head when the cross head is elevated, and pin 66 may be passed through the flanges of the bushing and ribs 65a to hold the bushings from accidental upward displacement.

I have also shown means whereby slips 65 may be elevated to free them from casing 62.

through the bore of upper head 11.-

While this means may be any suitable one, I:

' have here shown a ring 67 surrounding pipe 62 below the bushing and having u wardly extending lugs 68 extending into the ushing bore beneath the slips: Ring, 67 has lost mo- .tlon connection 69 with lever 70, the latter being pivoted on a rod 71 extending between tlmbers T. An actuating lever 72 is pivoted on one of said timbers at 7 3 and has suitable connection at 7 4 with lever 7 Q. It will be seen that proper movement of lever 72 swings lever 70 about fulcrum 71 to cause vertical, upward movementof ring 67 which, through lugs 68, moves slips 65 upwardl and out of operative engagement with pipe 2 It will be understood that there are many different situations wherein it is desirable thus to provide for the support in predetermined relation of two or more pfpe elements, butit is needless to mention-them all for they will be readily apparent to those .skilled in the art. However, it may be well to point out one or two of these situations as representative. -In place of the slips 65 there may be substituted slips of the same work taking diameter as the slips 46. Drill stem W may then bei adjusted through the table to bring a joint (not shown) thereof between sllps 46 and the substituted slips in bushing63. The slips in head 12 then'serve to hold the drill pipe lengths below the oint against rotation, andby applying a suitable "table-carried tool (not shown) to the drill pipe length above the table, said table may be'rotated to rotate the upper lengths with respect to the lower, it thus being possible to utilize the apparatus as a joint-make-up or break-down device, there being no necessity for elevators, spiders or other extraneous mechanism for supporting the drill pipe lengths below the table.

As another typical illustration, outer casings may be supported by either or both the slips in headsll and 12 and a string of wash-over pipe be supported by the table. The drill stem may then be extended through the washover pipe and supported from above by usual hoisting tackle. The wash-over pipe may then be'vertically reciprocated by hydraulically operating the table, the constant movement of the wash-over pipe preventing arranged cylinders, a stationary horizontal frame head extending between said cylinders,

said headbeing supported solely from beneath and having a vertically extending opening at a point between the cylinders, p1stons within the'cylinders and havln plston rods extending upwardly above the end 6 a cross-head extending between and carried by the rods above the frame head. and having a bore in alinement with the frame head opening, a table on the cross-head, above the cylinders, .and mounted for rotation with respect thereto, said table having a bore inalinement with the cross-head opening, work grips on the'table fdr gripping and taking the weight of work extending vertically through the table and cross-head bores and the frame head opening, and co-acting means on the cross head and frame head for-guiding the cross-head during vertical movement imparted to it by thev pistons, said coacting means being located wholly below the 5 cross-head throughout vertical reciprocation thereof.

2. In adevice of the character described, a plurality of horizontally arranged, vertically spaced members having vertically alined bores therethrough, independently operable mechanism on each of the members and having portions adapted to extend into the bores of their associated members, said mechanisms being adapted selectively to be operated to zontally apart about the well here, a frame head extendingbetween and rigidly connecting the tops of the cylinders, said head 2 having an opening adapted to be vertically alined with the well bore, pistons within the cylinders and having piston rods extending upwardly through and guided by said head,

a cross-head carried by and connecting the rods above the frame head and having a bore in axial 'alinement with said frame-head e opening, said cross head being vertically move able by virtue of piston movement, a table having an axial bore and mounted for axial rotation on the cross-head above the frame head connecting the cylinders and held 122 against movement vertically with respect to said cross-head, work gripping and supporting elements on the table for gripping and taking the weight of work adapted to extend vertically upward from the well bore through 125 the frame-head opening and the bores of the cross-head and table,rotatable means carr'ied by the frame-head andoperatively connected to the table for rotating it, and coacting gulde means comprising rods on the v cross head and guides on the frame head surrounding said rods for guiding said cross head in its vertical movement and relieving said piston rods of torsional strains set up by virtue of table rotation. I

4. In a device of the character described, a frame adapted to be positioned over a well bore, said frame embodying a plurality of vertically. arranged cylinders spaced horizontally apart aboutithe well bore, a frame head extending between and rigidly connecting the tops of the: cylinders, said head having an opening adapted to be vertically alined -with the well bore, pistons within the cylinders and having piston rods extending up,- wardly through and guided by said head, a cross-head carried by and connecting the rods above the frame head and having a bore in axial alinement with said frame-head opening, said cross head being vertically movable by virtue of piston movement, a table having an axial bore and mounted for axial rotation on the cross-head and held against movement vertically with respect thereto, work gripping and supporting, elements on "the table, entirely above the frame head connecting the cylinders, for gripping and taking the weight of work adapted to extend vertically upward from the well bore through the frame-head opening and the bores of the cross head and table, rotatable means carried by the frame-head and operativelyoconnected to the table for rotating it, vertically extending and elongated bosses on the frame head, at the tops of the cylinders, and guide rodsextending downwardly from the cross head through said bosses to guide the cross head in its vertical reciprocationand to relieve said piston rods of torsional strains set up by table rotation, v

5. In a device of the character described. a frame adapted to be positioned over a well bore, said frame embodying a plurality of vertically arranged cylinders spaced hori zontally apart about the well bore, a frame head extending between and rigidly connecting the tops of the cylinders, said head having an opening adapted to be verticaly aline d with the well bore, pistons within the cylinders and having piston rods extending upwardly through and guided by said head, a cross-head carried by and connecting the rods above the frame head and having a bore in axial alinement with said frame-head opening, said cross head being vertically movable by virtue of piston movement, a table having an axial bore and mounted for axial rotation on the cross-head, above the frame head at the tops of the cylinders, and held againstzontally apart head extending between and rigidly conrotation rotates the table, and means for rotating the spindle.

6. In a device of the character described,

a frame adapted to be positioned over a well bore, said frame embodying a plurality of vertically arranged cylinders spaced horiabout the well bore, a frame nectingv the tops of the cylinders, said head having an opening adapted to be vertically alined with the well bore, pistons within the cylinders and having piston rods extending upwardlyv through and guided by said head, a cross-head carried by and connecting the rods above the frame head and having a bore in axial alinement with said frame-head opening, said cross head being vertically movable by virtue of piston movement, a table having an axial "bore and mounted for axial rotation on the cross-head and held against movement vertically with respect thereto, work gripping and supporting elements on the table for grippingand taking the weight of work adapted to extend vertically upward from the well bore througlh t e the frame-head opening and the bores of cross-,head and table, a vertically arranged drive spindle horizontally offset from the table axis, a pair of bearings for the spindle arranged one on the cross head and one on the frame head, the spindle and one of the bearings being arranged for relative, vertical movement, an operative connection between the spindle and table whereby spindle rota tion rotates the table, a b evel gear mounted on the frame head for rotation, a'sliding spline connection between the spindle and gear whereby they are capable of relative vertical movement and held against relative rotation, a horizontal power shaft journaled on the frame head, and a bevel gear keyed-v here, said frame embodying. a plurality of vertically arranged cylinders spaced horizontally apart about theiwell bore,a frame head extendinmbetween and rigidly connecting the tops of the cylinders, said head having an opening adapted to be vertically alined with movement vertically with respect to said the well bore, pistons within the cylinders cross-head, Work gripping and supporting elements on the table for gripping and taking the weight of work adapted to extend verically upward from the well bore through the frame-head opening and the bores 0f the and having piston rods extending upwardly through and guided by said head, a crosshead carried by and connecting the rods above the frame head and having a bore in axial alinement ,with said frame-head opening, said cross head being vertically movable Y by virtue of piston movement, a table havmg an axial bore and mounted for axial rotation on the cross-head above the framehead at the .tops of the cylinders and held against movement vertically with respect to said cross-head, work gripping and supporting elements on the table for grippingand taking the weight of work adapted to extend vertically upward from the well bore throughthe frame-head opening and the bores of the. cross-head and table, rotatable means carried by the frame-head'and operatively connected to the table for rotating it, and coacting guide means on the. frame head and the underside of the cross-head for gulding said cross-head solely from beneath in its vertical movement and relieving said piston rods of torsional strains set up by virtue of table rotation. I

8. In a device of the character described, a frame adapted to be positioned over a well bore, said frame embodying a plurality of vertically arranged cylinders spaced horiz'ontally apart about the well bore, a frame head extending between and rigidly con-' necting the tops of the cylinders, said head having an opening adapted to be vertically alined with the well bore, pistons Within the cylinders and having piston rods extending upwardly through and guided by said head, a cross head carried by and connecting the rods above the frame head and having a bore in axial alinement with said frame-head opening, said cross head being vertically movable by virtue of piston movement, a table having an axial bore and mounted for axial rotation on the cross-head above the horizontal plane of the tops of the cylinders and held against movement vertically with respect to said cross-head, work gripping and supporting elements on the table for gripping and taking the weight of work adapted to extend vertically upwardfrom the well bore through the frame-head opening and the bores of the cross-head and table, rotatable means carried by the frame-head and operatively connected to the table for rotat-., ing it, and work-gripping and supporting elementsion said frame head at the tops of the cylinders and in alinement with the grip ping elements on said table for supporting work below the cross-head.

9. In a device of the character described, a frame adapted to be positioned over a well bore, said frame embodying a plurality of vertically arranged cylinders spaced horizontally apart about the well bore, an upper frame head extending between and rigidly connectin g the tops of the cylinders, said head having an opening adapted to be vertically alined with the well bore, a lower frame head extending between and rigidly connecting the lower ends of the/"cylinders and having an opening alined with the opening in the upper frame head, pistons within the cylinders and movable by virtue of piston movement, a

table having an axial bore and mounted for axial rotation on the cross-head and held against movement vertically with respect thereto, work gripping and supporting elements on the table for'gripping and taking the weight of work adaptedrto extend vertically upward from the well bore through the 'ffame-head openings and the bores of the cross-head and table, rotatable means carried by the upper frame-head and operatively connected to the table for rotating it,-and workgripping and supporting elements on one of said frame heads and in alinenient with the gripping elements on said table for support ing work below the cross-head.

10. In a device of the character described, a frame adapted to be positioned over a well "bore, said frame embodying a plurality of vertically arranged cylinders spaced horizontally apart about the well bore, an upper frame head extending between and rigidly connecting the topsof the cylinders, said head having an opening adapted to be vertically alined'with the well bore, a lower frame head extending between and rigidly connecting the lower ends of the cylinders and having an opening alined with the opening in the upper frame head, pistons within the cylinders and having piston rods extending upwardly through and guided by said upper head, a

cross-head carried by and connecting the rodsabove the upper frame head and having a bore in axial alinement with said frame-head openings, said cross head being vertically movable by, virtue of piston movement, a table having an axial bore and mounted foraxial rotation on the cross-head, above the horizontal plane of the tops of thecylinders, and

held against movement vertically with respect to said cross-head, work gripping and supporting elements on the table for gripping and taking the weight of work adapted to ex tend vertically upward from the Well bore through the frame-headopenings and the bores of the cross-head and table, rotatable 'table for supporting work below the crosshead.

11. In a device of the character described, a frame adapted to be positioned over a well bore. said frame embodying a plurality of vertically arranged cylmders spaced hor1- zontally apart about the well bore, a frame head extending between and rigidly connecting the tops of thecylinders, saidhead having an opening adapted to be vertically alined with the well bore, pistons within the cylinders and having piston rods extending upwardly through and guided by said head, a cross-head carried by and connecting the rods above the frame head and having a bore in axial alinemcnt with said frame-head opening, said cross head being vertically movable by virtueo'f piston movement, a table having an axial bore and mounted for axial rotation on the cross-head and held against movement vertically with respect thereto,"work gripping and supporting elements on the table for gripping and taking the weight of work adapted to extend vertically upward from the well bore through the frame-head opening and the bores of the cross-head and table, rotatable means carried b the frame-head and operatively connecte to the table for rotating it, extensions on said frame head extending horizontally outwardly beyond the cylinders, and

supporting members extending beneath said extensions.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 31st day of December, 1927. n

\ V FREDERICK STONE. 

